Participants of Regional advisory meeting for the countries of the Europe and the Central Asia have come to conclusion, that in Kyrgyzstan the facts of infringement of the rights of the child are ignored. The meeting took place in the city of Ljubljana (Slovenia) within the framework of global research of the Secretary General of the United Nations concerning violence over children. There were experts, scientists, and children from 38 countries at the meeting.

On October, 7th, 1994 the Kyrgyz Republic ratified the International Convention on the Rights of the Child. After August, 13th, 2003 Kyrgyzstan has joined the Optional protocol about participation of children in confrontations. On February, 12th 2003 Kyrgyzstan has joint to the Optional protocol concerning sales of children, children's prostitution and a children's pornography.

Although according to the Kyrgyz legislation the international contracts ratified by the Kyrgyz Republic are integral compound legislations of the country and should be observed also as well as other laws, in a real life it does not occur. Having incurred set of the international obligations Kyrgyzstan on behalf of the state bodies does not hasten to execute them.

The situation in the Kyrgyz Republic in the field of human rights very complicated, it is observed to set of infringements of basic human rights in all spheres of life. The most unprotected layers: women and children are always suffering. The given report is written for illumination of most acute problems existing in the given area for today and to find possible outputs from the developed circumstances to rescue the future of the country which is under direct threat.

The legislation among the children’s rights.

 The Ministry of Justice as a member of working group on preparation of the project of the “Code about children of the Kyrgyz Republic” has ignored results of two-year-old work, which has been done by the centre "Generation", fund "Children in danger ", The Centre of Protection of children. Offers of non-governmental organizations have not been considered. The efforts spent for discussion of the project of the Code about children within two years have not led to desirable results; means of the international and local organizations were spent in vain. Today the Ministry of Justice offering the variant of the bill of children, but it will not bring real advantage to children because of contradictions and lacks existing in it.

The name of the bill is “Fundamental rights of the child". However it establishes not the rights of the child, but the basic guarantees of the rights, freedom and the legitimate interests of the child stipulated by the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic. The existing Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "The Protection of minors rights" already comprises the list of fundamental laws of the child, according to the Constitution of the republic.
The specified bill is declarative because it does not comprise mechanisms of realization in practice. Some positions of the bill are already adjusted by the current legislation.
Initiators of campaign - a number of the nongovernmental organizations - have transferred the reference to representatives of the government. (According to the information of non-governmental organisation  "Interbilim")

 Social-economic problems in the field of the rights of children

The situation existing today in formation of children is pitiable. First of all it is the shortage of schools. Some examples:

(1) There was a fire In village Kyzyltuu of Nooken  area of  Jalalabad region. According to press-service of Ministry of ecology and extraordinary situations of Kyrgyz Republic, as a result of incident school № 40 by name of T.Satylganov  has completely burned down. There weren’t any human victims.
The school made for 120 student's places, but the actual quantity of pupils was 350 people. (The similar situation is observed practically in every third school of the country). Department of liquidations of consequences of extreme situations of Ministry of ecology and extraordinary situations of Kyrgyz Republic express the care ness of the fire safety at the remote schools of republic. Only in 2003 in remote villages Ojtal and Kanlorgon of Karakuldja area of the Osh region two schools have completely burned down. Very often reasons of ignitions are the negligence and not keeping of elementary fire prevention rules by the personnel of schools. Restoration of the burned down schools demands attraction of great strengths and means.

(2) More than six hundred children from housing estate "Ala-Too", in Lenin area, will be compelled to reach for employment in different educational institutions of the Bishkek city. Construction of own school is postponed for uncertain term.

There are five thousand families in a micro district. In the majority of families there are two-three children,  a constant place of work and the stable income have not all parents. Only to road to school and back home for nine educational months is required 1400 soms. Only for one child. Also it’s necessary for children  to have a snack between the classes. Charges are huge, parents can not afford it. If the school would be closer, it would not be necessary to spend money for a travel.
There is a school in a housing estate, but it is overcrowded. 1100 boys and little girls sit at school desks for 3 sessions. One more building is extremely necessary. The construction of it has begun. The engineering firm has executed works for 3,5 million soms. But cannot receive them from the customer till now. It is not intended to continue construction, while it will not extinguish debts and will not bring advance payment.

(3) Hundreds children in the Osh area have begun new academic year in tents.
A lot of schools are in a unsuitable condition: destroyed during acts of nature, fires or have strongly decayed. For example, at school in village Kara-Kolot of Uzgen area wall has sat down and failed during down-pour may rains. Almost ninety children are compelled to be engaged today in canvas tents.
At session of Legislative Assembly of Jogorku Kenesh of Kyrgyz Republic,   former prime minister of Kyrgyz Republic  N.Tanaev has noted the shortage of schools and necessity of construction simultaneously 210 schools for removal of the given question, informs the Ministry of ecology and extraordinary situations of Kyrgyz Republic. (according to information of Akipress).

Available schools are insufficiently equipped; there are no textbooks and teachers. With the beginning of new academic year Kyrgyzstan again has faced a problem of shortage of teachers. Vacant teachers places for today remain 3,5 thousands.

According to Sammit Satkeev the head of the device of the Ministry of Education: there is a big  problem with shortage of  teachers in our republic. There are many reasons of this : the first is the alternation of generations, the second is a low salary, the third - absence of living conditions, especially in a countryside and absence of privileges for beginning teachers. They  have now accepted the program "the deposit of the young teacher ". According to which in this year it is planned to send three hundred teachers in all regions of republic. These teachers will receive wages, and except for it within three years every month on their account will be listed two thousand soms. However, activity of participation of young experts in this program is still low.

Especially complex situation  develops on periphery where education to the children is presumed only by well provided families which make only 10 percent from the population of the country (according to the  data of agency " Kabar). In capital, each school gathers particular amount of money from pupils  monthly. Though according to the legislation initial and the secondary education is free-of-charge. Not all parents are able to bring money monthly. That’s why the discrimination of children (from the needy layers of the population) appeared. For this reason set of children leave school. It is connected also with a low standard of living, leaving school, children go to work, to  help their parents in someway.

Tortures and other kinds of the severe, brutal treatment with children during application of punishment.

In Law of Kyrgyz Republic "The protection of the minors" stays that children cannot to be subjected to either physical or psychological pressure during interrogations and  giving witness evidence. Interrogation of the child cannot last more than 2 hours without a pause and more than 4 hours per day in especially complex cases. During  interrogation of the child there must be a legal representative or the lawyer. Many remedial moments concerning interrogation of children are not reflected in the legislation, in practice it leads to that, the militia having detained the child does not inform parents about arrest. As a result interrogation of the child is conducted in absence of the lawyer and parents which owing to what the child tests on himself psychological, and sometimes physical pressure of employees of internal affairs.
In practice, there is a set of cases of infringement of the rights of children by militia men. To the extent that beating unmercifully children with the purpose "to beat out" the indications necessary to them and by that to put next ticks in statistics on crimes detection. Employees convicted of such rough infringements do not bear the criminal liability, their cases for frequent do not reach court and if they reach the  punishment they receive is symbolic.

Facts:

(1) The minor Suhrab Rahmanov, was accused for a group theft, the full damage from which is 1500 soms. The sanction of the public prosecutor on the conclusion under the guard, as a preventive punishment is given out only on 8-th day from the moment of actual detention, and in infringement of article 114 of Criminal-procedural Code of Kyrgyz Republic, saying that, the committal, as a preventive punishment can be applied to the minor only in particular cases. Militiya men interrogated minor without participation of the lawyer, the legal representative, moreover they beat him.

The public prosecutor of area Baitemir Ibraev answering a question on Suhrab Rakhmanov's case,  has told, that he cannot give the instruction to the city public prosecutor as under the law he  has the right to independently make decision in a choice of a measure of crossing. Legal experts in the letter to the city public prosecutor asked to change for Suhrab  a preventive punishment, considering softening circumstances, namely, that he is the minor ( he is  only 14 years old and  does not have father, he has recognized the fault in fulfilment of crime completely, frankly repents and finally the material damage put by it is insignificant.

(2) As the assistant of ombudsman Sadyk-Sher-Niyaz has informed at press conference, on 1st of September 2005 there was a peace revolt in a colony for minors in village Voznesenovka.

50 prisoners went on roofs, protesting against conditions of life of the maintenance.
According to Sadyk-Sher-Niyaz revolt has been severely suppressed by group of special purposes of Ministry of Justice of Kyrgyz Republic.
9 minor prisoners as instigators have transferred to investigatory insulator №1 in a Bishkek and investigatory insulator №50 in village Alga.
"Neither about revolt, nor about that they are transferred  to investigatory insulator, neither parents, nor their legal representatives have not been notified, that is infringement of their rights”, - declared the assistant  of ombudsman.

He  also has told that soon after runaway from investigatory insulator №50 of  condemned Hrushelev, employees of special troops have again unjustly beaten 3 minors.
As a protest sign  the minors have sewn up to themselves mouths and made bars on bodies.

After beating minors, condemned adults compelled to revolt as a protest sign also.
Tursunbaj Bakir uulu has expressed the concern that such incidents happen not for the first time.
"It occurs, because head of prisons were appointed earlier dismissed for participation in drug trafficing among prisoners of investigatory insulator and for rigid beating under investigation", - he has told.

"Revolts provoked by beatings are making destabilization of a mode of corrective colonies ", - approves Tursunbaj Bakir uulu.

There are also huge amount of other problems which are rough infringement of the rights of the child in colonies for minors:
- Shortage of a food (special colonies for minors receive only about 50 percent from the means stipulated by the budget. For example, instead of putting 21 soms per day for food on each person they put only 8 soms), children do not eat meat, milk, vegetables and fruits;
- In consequences of malnutrition, children are more exposed to illnesses. Many of them suffer following illnesses such as anaemia, epiclesis, tuberculosis, skin diseases. Besides, there isn’t any proper medical treatment;

- The reason of susceptibility for diseases is conditions in which children contain. Wards are overcrowded. Prisoners that are suffering infectious diseases contains in one chamber with healthy prisoners. Toilets do not work. In some places glasses are beaten out.
- Shortage of clothes, footwear;

- Young girls (minors) contain in one prison with adult women;
- There are no special teachers for work with them
The worst fact is that that at condemnation juvenile the principle of criminal law “harmonies of punishment to a crime” are not considered. There are a lot of cases when children sentenced to imprisonment for theft of a loaf of bread or bottle of vodka, etc.

Children's death rate

On 9th of September, 2005 Ministry of Health of Kyrgyzstan has published parameters of a level of mother and infantile death rate in republic. In 2004 infantile death rate has increased to 25 percents and in 2005 did not become less then that. The most interesting fact is that boys die almost twice often than girls.
Unfortunately it’s not a rarity when the women die during sorts. More than a half of lethal outcomes during sorts happen in rural hospitals. The low standard of living of the population and a pitiable condition of hospitals and maternity hospitals of republic are named by the main reasons of growth of parameters of mother death rate. Duties of the Kyrgyz state have charged with the international donor organizations on their shoulders. First aid under the grant has been rendered to the Bishkek maternity hospital № 1. (According to information of informational agency "Regnum").
Cases when newborns and their mothers died from for negligence of the personnel of a maternity home have become frequent.

Fact:
As has established by investigation, that young woman came to a maternity home with the diagnosis of the doctor who observed her: "Pregnancy of 37-38 weeks, nephropathy, partial detachment of placenta, palpitation of a foetus muffled, rhythmical". Obstetrician-gynaecologist Ryskeldieva has not considered this diagnosis and in infringement of functional duties has put her own diagnosis. Also has directed Popova (patient) to prepatrimonial chamber, having appointed "a medical dream-rest". Anaesthesiologist-expert in resuscitation Rahmankulov according to the instruction gave her a dimedrol and diazepam, and also has entered to the patient narcotic preparations – atropine, fentanil, thiopental sodium. Varvara (patient) fall to sleep for a few hours.
These unjustified purposes were the main professional mistake of doctors by materials of criminal case. Premature detachment of a placenta demands emergency intervention as at a foetus had sharp oxygen starvation, for the woman it is fraught with a bleeding and other complications. Varvara have led in maternity hall almost for six hours after receipt. The dream obviously wasn’t an advantage for her - the condition of the young woman has worsened: the bleeding has opened, pressure fell, and the short wind has begun. Probably after they have understood the mistake, physicians have rushed to squeeze out a foetus, dissect fabrics around of a vagina to pull out it more quickly. The girl was born small – 2700 kilograms and weak. She died because of hard confinement. Varvara died in a short period of time after the daughter’s death. Doctors weren’t able to stop bleeding. (* from archive of newspaper «The Evening Bishkek»)
The developed catastrophic situation with growth of death rate of newborns can threaten with demographic crisis of our country. In addition it has become frequent of a finding of dead babies in garbage tanks, manholes. Besides, the quantity of cases of the traffic of children has increased. There were cases when parents have been condemned for sale of children.
Children come across with the violence at schools.  They usual feel physical and moral pressure from adults; there were cases when teachers lift on them hands "to educate", and from the contemporaries. For example, at schools of Naryn area "school racket" cases continues to grow up. There is no tendency to decrease the negative phenomenon. The officials from education and law enforcement know and do nothing effective to solve the problem. Meanwhile, so-called “informal school leaders” do not give pass to pupils of elementary levels and makes appoint taxes in the form of money and products. There are lots of examples, but victims are silent and do not usually say the names of "racketeers". (* according to the agency “Akipress”).

Fact:

In village Bokonbaevo of Issyk-Kul region two teenagers have committed suicide in two days. Problems at the school pushed them to suicide. Parents of victims considered that there is direct interrelation between these two deaths. Law enforcement bodies and the judge defend the version of "non-participation" in tragedy of teachers and director of school. On 10th of November the pupil of ninth form Temir uulu Konok hung up. As his parents consider, senior pupils who terrorized him pushed him to that. Teachers "have grasped" this version and have charged with a cargo of the responsibility for state of emergency on children's shoulders. Among these senior pupils was Jyrgal Januzakov. Naturally, direct charge to address of caused "on a carpet " guys has not sounded. Its director has hidden for a word "probably". Moral pressure by director first not sustained Jyrgal, after it he was  found hung up in a shed. It was found out, that after that "memorable meeting" in a cabinet of the director have hardly kept  Marat from attempt of a suicide.
Children's suicides, unfortunately, cease to be single instances. The majority of them are connected with difficult social and economic position.

Sexual violence and exploitation of children

According to official data the quantity of cases in which children are connected with sexual violence increased three times each 6 months during last 5 years. They are exposed to such violence from the side of relatives, employees of militia and unknown persons.
Children's prostitution also has increased in Kyrgyzstan. For today 20% from 2000 prostitutes in Bishkek are teenagers. Children get in this sphere because of low standard of living. The quantity of export of girls abroad has increased. Among them there are a lot of girls who are not yet 18 years old, forwarded abroad under counterfeit documents. Because of growth of distribution of AIDS in Near East in special popularity are virgins. The majority of cases is connected with use of women in sexual business, and not only in the states of the far abroad - the Emirates and Turkey, but also in Russia. The facts of use as prostitutes of minor girls are fixed.
As basic route of export of girls from the countries of Central Asia to abroad experts consider a flight from Osh to Shardzha city of United Arab Emirates. Supervision over the Osh airport have shown, that delivered girls not only from the Kyrgyz Republic , but also from the near Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Expert’s mark, that documents of passengers at landing to the international flights at airport of Osh are checked without special carefulness - and it is possible, that it occurs not casually.

"Children of streets» and child labour

"Child labour" – work and activity which in the mental, physical, social or moral attitude are interfaced to danger for children or causes harm to children. It  deprive children of an opportunity to go to school, they are compelled to finish prematurely studying or compelled to combine studying at school with heavy and long lasting work. In other words "child labour" is a work which deprives children of the childhood, human advantage, an opportunity to develop the potential and harming their physical and mental development.
According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989, one of the basic rights of the child is the right of the child to protection against economic operation and from performance of any work which can represent danger to his health, serve as an obstacle for reception of formation or damage to its health and physical, intellectual, spiritual, moral and social development.
The reasons of child labour first of all are the poverty arising because of both social and economic inequality, and insufficient development of an education system. Obvious alternative to child labour is education. Observance of the laws that order obligatory visiting of schools by all children, that did not reached the minimal age, allowing beginning of labour activity, brings the huge contribution to affairs of eradication of child labour. Regular visiting of schools could make work of children absolutely impossible. Besides education, can give both to children, and to society as a whole set of positive results in the future. Today in Kyrgyzstan about 200 000 children of school age instead of visit schools work…
According to not official data in 2004 in Bishkek there was total from 700 up to 5500 children living in the street, migrated from remote places. They wander on city in searches of livelihood and entertainments. With such "invasion" doctors, inspectors of motor licensing and inspection department, employees of law enforcement bodies, the ordinary townspeople are dissatisfied.     Some of them work, to find livelihood for themselves and the family. An example: Marat has arrived to capital for earnings together with the senior brothers. From friends he has leased a wheelbarrow. In the afternoon he raise money on it, and transforms it into a bedroom in the evening - together with brothers he  spends the night in the open-air. By the evening he literally falls from legs because of weariness. Such small sluggers in the Osh market are about three hundreds. All of them every day feed with a free-of-charge dinner in the charitable dining room organized directly in territory of a market by the Centre of protection of children. In the same place they can get first medical aid for process industrial traumas - bruises, cal loses, cuts. In the same place the employees convince them to not change fair, but terribly heavy work for the child for easier, but criminal business.
Other children are on the tramp, beg. Employees of Lenin regional department of internal affairs on a regular basis spend spot-checks on catching homeless children in the Osh market. But such actions are useless! They just bring children to militia office and simply spend "preventive conversations" or deliver to the receiver-allocator, and than - to family or a shelter. Few weeks, and they are on the street again. Are on the tramp, beg and steal. (according to newspaper «Vechernij Bishkek")
Today in Bishkek thousand children live and work on streets. They can be seen in all large markets of city. For example on "Dordoi" market their quantity is close to one thousand. And all of them work: carry wheelbarrows with a cargo which weigh is so much that even the adult person could hardly shift from a place, sell cigarettes, beer and a different trifle all day long.
The reasons of that children leave the house are different: parents simply turn out them from home, leave somewhere, or parents are alcoholic, or children  leave home because of constant violence in family.
Using of child labour for today is very widespread because it is much cheaper. Also, children are  easy for managing, than adults. Though they possess smaller skills than adults, they have lesser degree of knowing the rights, deliver less efforts, complain, more adapting  - and the last thing: it is  easier to offer them  in case of occurrence of problems.
In Kyrgyzstan children are used at works on cotton, tobacco fields, and collieries. In horrifying conditions children receive heavy traumas and fall ill with such terrible illnesses as brucellosis  (from frequent dialogue with domestic animals). Adults do not understand what harm from "labour activity" get their children. They say that their (children’s) help is necessary, because family needs money, all should work, the state does not help:  there is no grants and scholarship from state.

One of the problems that became actual recently is the increase of road accident with participation of children.

            Spot-check of state motor licensing inspection has shown, that the majority of schools simply are not ready for the beginning of  new academic year in question of safety of children. According to words of senior inspector Bejshenbek Moldokanov, it is about 80 percent of schools. Only in few places warning signs are established and "zebras" are frequently not visible. But, according to the chief of republic department of state motor licensing inspection  Leonid Poljak, fault of the State traffic inspectorate here is  minimal. Schools should submit applications to local self-management to the mayoralty for assignment. But as a rule, the answer is  that they do not have money for safety of children.
Branches of traumatology and neuro-injury in children's hospital of the first help are simply overcrowded.
Many drivers ignore rules of traffic, they feel unpunished supposing rough infringements of rules of traffic. Even  if they are stopped by workers of state motor licensing inspection by as a rule they can just pays off. Impunity is promoted by corruption in state motor licensing inspection. Most of all drivers serving government officials feel themselves unpunished. Single actions spent by the state motor licensing inspection under the prevention of a children's traumatism are inefficient. Also there is no in city attributes on ordering and parking of motor vehicles.
However the government never discussed these questions and did not search for a way of the sanction. It is recommended to the new government to consider this question connected with a children's traumatism with the purpose of protection of the rights of children.
During last 10 years in republic in road accidents 7,8 thousand died and  about 19 thousand person have received wounds! Including 1,3 thousand children and teenagers died and more than 6,7 thousand have been wounded. Increase these statistic  by number of relatives of all victims, for whom loss of the child – is the most terrible tragedy. The result will turn out horrifying! And the situation on roads does not become better. Only during 7 months of current year 386 road accidents happened in which died 68 get different traumas 355 children. Here is one of last tragedies that has occured on August, 14th at 11 o'clock in village Birlik. Driver Halimzhan Hazhimatov, operating a motor vehicle of mark "Opel-Omega ", state number D4068Т,  knocked against  at once for three persons: Tolgonaj Sadykova, 1981 of a birth, Temirlan Sadykov, 2001 of a birth, and Akylbek Sadykov, 2003 of a birth. Senior Sadykova is hospitalized, kids  died.

Children and criminality

The number of the crimes made by children annually grows in our republic. The chief of Inspection on affairs of minors of the Ministry of Internal Affairs the colonel of militia Kulujpa Musuralieva, in interview to the newspaper "Vechernij Bishkek " has informed that: For the last half-year there are registered about 500 robberies, robberies where the main "heroes" were children. Most “distinguished” were the inhabitants of Bishkek city, on their account almost 140 "feats". Basically offences are made by juvenile homeless children, neglected children from unsuccessful families. For six months of 2005 on the account of militia were written about four thousand pupils of high schools, the technical training colleges for using drugs, drinking alcohol anti society behaviour. There are about 2 millions of minors in Kyrgyzstan. One of the causes of growing up of crimes number that were made by children (especially in Bishkek) is migration of population from the regions of republic. Parents are looking for a job a most of children live “their own life”. They became easy extraction for different criminal elements and in the end they fully depend on them on their “adult friends”.  Most of children that came from regions do not study, they sale on the city markets. Unfortunately, data of Ministry of Education show us the number of children that do not study much lower, but in the real life their number is much higher. There are not 2000 pupil that do not visit schools their number is much higher. Single spot-check actions can not help here. But the most worrying thing is that the number of young girls that participate in crimes became much more at the last times.  When they are arrested they spend their punishment in colonies together with adult women.  Which is of course do not bring them to something good.  Now we have developed bill about “Basics of system of prevention of crimes and neglect among minors” which is under review of Parliament.  Now, there are no free sport, dance, singing or technical clubs which existed during Soviet times in big and other cities of our republic. There is no help from government when there is need in making big boards about the dangerousness of smoking, drinking alcohol, using drugs. But the main thing is that experts can not improve the situation without help of parents, government and society.

Fact:
In the end of July on Torfyanaya street of the city of Bishkek a car BMW was found. There was corpse of 22-years old young men with numerous knife injuring and one gunshot wound in it. Search actions almost at once have given result: two suspected person have been detained, including 14-years Masha from so named “kuznechnaya krepost”.  She has adjoined the man's company recently. Went with them to Issyk Kul, had fun and thus knew about all preparing crimes, including about murder. As a matter of fact, she without any doubts together with others four partners has agreed to go on "wet" deal and even actively participated in selection of the car which was supposed to take hold.
She was detained first. After a while operative group of militia have reached her two accomplices. 16-years old Alexander and 18-years old Andrey who, apparently, was the leader of a grouping were arrested. Thefts, robberies and eventually murder were planned coolly. For example, his brigade has cleaned firm of the relative and carried away all currency.  By the way, they were going to kill the owner of BMW from the start, to take hold of his car and then to sell it. The car looked after long, in fact it would be desirable to be indulged with a beautiful toy. They  bought sawn-of -gun for liquidation of the owner in advance (according to information of Svetlana Lokteva).
Recommendations on the Rights of children in Kyrgyz Republic, based on The Report of KCHR “Report on the right of children of Kyrgyz Republic”

While welcoming the accession of Kyrgyzstan to the optional protocols to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, KCHR would urge the government of Kyrgyzstan to urgently adopt further measures to better implement and monitor the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Age of children

KCHR would recommend that Kyrgyzstan amend its legislation so that, even in instances of marriage and independent work from the age of 16 all persons under 18 be still considered minors and their rights be thus fully protected. We would further recommend that the ages of compulsory education be clearly established and that state provisions for school age children from families in financial difficulties be systematic. Finally Kyrgyzstan should explore possibilities of abolishing imprisonment of minors in conflict with the law, with only very few exceptions where child offenders present an immediate danger for society and when risks of collusion during investigation have been fully demonstrated.

Socio-economic discrimination.

KCHR would recommend the government to make education for all a budgetary priority with the aim of bringing all schools and educational personnel in the country to the same level of  funding and qualification, and that bribing be explicitly forbidden and controlled by the administration in order to guarantee equal access to education.

Also to increase number of schools in Kyrgyzstan because of lack of students places. Besides all schools needs special equipment and teaching materials (books, tables, chairs, computers etc).

To work on the problem with the lack of teachers. To make this profession more popular among the present students.

Tortures and other kinds of the severe, brutal treatment with children during application of punishment.

KCHR is very concerned about the impunity enjoyed by perpetrators and about the absents efficient prevention and protection mechanisms, as well as political will, to fully respect the rights of children alleged of being in conflict with the law. We want to urge the government of Kyrgyzstan:

• To urgently undertake an in – depth reform of its police and militia in order to fully train, monitor and if necessary, sanction its stuff so that it will operate in full accordance with the international human rights treaties and in particular, with the UN Convention against Torture. For that purpose, specialized youth police units in all police stations, as well as in municipal police departments, should be duly established to respond both the child protection and juvenile delinquency cases with the purpose and duty of promoting the rights of children.
• To change its legislation and practice in order to insure that children held in police stations have immediate access to an independent lawyer and can communicate with the family.
• To insure that police records include medical information and that medical examinations and interventions include an appropriate psychological and age specific diagnosis and support.
• To amend its legislation and reform its administration in order to fully prevent, monitor, sanction and compensate for any act of torture or in human and degrading treatment committed against a child.  

Protection from other forms of violence

KCHR would recommend to government to reinforce legislative measures against all forms of physical and mental violence, including corporal punishment and sexual abuse against children in the family, schools and care institutions.

Also KCHR recommends to urgently developing anonymous hot-lines and psychological rehabilitation services, as well as child sensitive reporting and complaint mechanism and awareness are rising campaigns addressing both adults and children. Prevention measures and sanctions should allow for mediation and rehabilitation of both victims and offenders in the long term, especially in cases of domestic violence.

Sexual abuse

KCHR would urge the government to:

• Amend its legislation to fully address all forms of sexual abuse, trafficking and sexual exploitation of children and to efficiently to protect children of different age-groups;
• Develop protection measures and financial assistance to better protect most vulnerable groups of children against sexual abuse, trafficking and sexual exploitation;
• Develop specialized services, procedures, stuff and qualifications in different spheres (judicial, medical, social etc.) of support to children victims of sexual abuse, trafficking or sexual exploitation and to support NGO activities in this field;
• Increase administrative and penal sanctions for any state official involved directly or indirectly in the sale of children, sexual exploitation of children and child trafficking.

Children living on the streets.

KCHR urge the government to provide adequate and universal financial support to families with children and to develop an emergency program in favour of children living or working in the street. Such a program should provide street education and clubs, psychological assistance to facilitate return to biological or foster families, school reintegration schemes, as well as monitoring and support of state or NGO shelters offering individualized programs of short-term stay and reintegration, based on children’s views and capacities.

Child labour.

KCHR urge the government to launch an information campaign on legal standards in relation with child labour, rising awareness on the consequences of excessive work and lack of education for children. At the same time the government should ensure free meals and school supplies are provided throughout the country as incentive and additional indirect child support measure preventing child labour.

Diversion and alternatives to imprisonment

KCHR strongly urge the government to make juvenile justice reform a national priority in technical, political and budgetary terms. In particular the government of Kyrgyzstan should be urged to:

• Put a stop to police raids against street children and divert children protection mandates to specialized social workers and street educators integrated into juvenile justice reform processes.
• Insure immediate access to lawyers, a doctor and family members for any arrested child.
• Limit the duration of police custody for children to 24 hours. Period during which any child arrested should come in front of a specialized judge who will allow for immediate and  adequate sentencing or referral to child protection services.
• Develop a juvenile justice system that will provide for educational measures and alternatives to imprisonment for children, adequately chosen and monitored by specialized personnel, trained in children’s rights and restorative justice practice and principles.
• Develop recreational and vocational activities during and after detention in partnership with civil society, allowing for the gradual rehabilitation of children in conflict with the law.
• Restore all detentions centres and provide immediate material psychological and medical assistance to all children in their custody in order to guarantee conditions of detention in full compliance with international standards.
• Facilitate regular prison visits by independent observers and encourage visits by relatives and friends to children in custody.
• Grand amnesty to all children held in custody beyond a legal period for pre-trial detention, and to all children sentenced to imprisonment that do not present a danger for society, and provide them with adequate psychological assistance.

One of problems for today are road accidents with participation of children which are increased recently.
In connection with this KCHR would recommend to government to:

• control more seriously  and make the sanctions against drivers more strong.
• Create specialized classes at the local schools to make children know road rules
• work with society. Put attention on parents to make them teach children to be careful on the streets.
• Work on cases when people trying to buy driving license in order to get them legally without any knowledge of driving properly.

Orphan and disabled children

KCHR strongly recommend to Government to put close attention on a problem of the children, who has some physical and mental diseases and orphan children to make government to:

• Raise financing of orphanages for food, clothes and suitable places to live and educate orphan children.
• To organise free-medicine for disabled children for their common needs.
• To create conditions for disabled children to move themselves without any difficulties.